TCCC/MARCHPAWS and OTHER ACRONYMS

MARCH PAWS

• The PAWS acronym is one of many acronyms that extend the core acronym of MARCH.

OTHER COMMONLY USED ACRONYMS

MARCH mnemonic is a superior model for evaluation of trauma patients compared to the traditional ABC model. The Airway, Breathing, Circulation model fails in root cause analysis: The ultimate goal of having an open airway is to oxygenate the blood, which is best done while still in the body. Stopping massive bleeding must be the first priority because failure to do so would render the remaining priorities pointless if the casualty dies of massive hemorrhage.

There are different versions of MARCH, which with the exception of one, add additional lower-level priorities to the mnemonic. Each has value, but each can become complicated to remember.

I prefer the simple MARCH version, though my next favorite is S-MARCH-RV which I learned from another SF medic as it places the highest priority of casualty evaluation on S – security, as the first letter because the most important priority in all tactical casualty care is to keep everyone safe.

The versions of MARCH are nearly as numerous as the medics who apply it.

The standard MARCH is:

Massive hemorrhage

Airway

Respiration

Circulation

Hypothermia prevention

Then others use:

MARCH-E (Everything else) – Popular with the Canadians

MARCH-H (Head injuries)

MARCH-HE (Head injuries & Everything else)

MARCH-E (Eye injuries)

S-MARCH-RV (Security, Recovery position, Vital signs)

Once you consider prolonged field care, the mnemonics get even longer.

MARCH-PAWSB (Pain control, Antibiotics, Wound dressings, Splinting, Burn treatment)

Then they get so long, you need a tattoo to remember it:

MARCH-PAWS-Ravine (See PAWSB above, and add to it:)

R Resuscitate with whole blood and reduce tourniquets as soon as possible

A Airway and Critical care package: Sedation, capnography, tube depth, cuff pressure, sterile suction

V Ventilate and oxygenate using PEEP / lung protective strategies

I Initiate telemedicine consult and early evacuation

N Nursing care, I&Os, Oral hygiene, turn casualty

E Environmental Considerations, pad pressure points of the litter, Earplugs for flight, medication for motion sickness

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